有“架空層”的中小學校設計

這所學校位于Taipas村中心附近，它是在另一所完全被拆除的現有學校的基礎上建造的。因為這些設施是建立在一個完全無效的方案上的，長期以來已不再滿足教學和學習的最低條件。

從這個意義上說，新的建設目標不僅旨在更換舊的學校設施，而且還需要對地形邊界內的所有空間進行重新評估和規劃，設計其外部空間、新的運動場、花園區甚至是新的學生娛樂區，與周圍環境建立新的關系。

The school is located near the center of Taipas village, in an already consolidated urban area and it was built from another existing school that was completely demolished. In that sense, the proposed intervention aimed not only at replacing the old school facilities, built on a totally dysfunctional scheme, which for a long time had ceased to meet the minimum conditions for teaching and learning, but also proposing the requalification and planning of all the space within the boundaries of the terrain, with the design of its exterior spaces, new playing fields, garden areas or even new areas for students\’ recreation, establishing new relationships with their surroundings.

選擇了項目開發的一組原則，并列出如下：

功能組織和隨之而來的功能層次-就像在任何建筑物中一樣，易于使用和愉悅使用的基礎-力求在功能和空間組織上獲得極大的清晰度，這轉化為對建筑物結構元素的輕松理解。

還考慮了與社區的關系，即在使用互補空間時，例如禮堂，圖書館和體育基礎設施，這些在很大程度上決定了社區的位置。

考慮到流程的復雜性和擴展性，該地形的地形特征與現有平臺之間存在顯著差異，并且其體積小，意味著形式上的極大簡化，為此，采用了與現有方案截然不同的解決方案即使用新建筑的穿插植入。

A set of principles for the development of the project were selected and listed as follows. Functional organization and the consequent hierarchy of functions – fundamental for easy and pleasant use as in any building – seek to achieve a great clarity in its functional and spatial organization, which translates into an easy perception of the building\’s structural elements. The relationship with the community was also taken into account, namely with regard to the use of its complementary spaces, such as the auditorium, the library, and the sports infrastructures that, in large part, determine its location. The topographic characteristics of the terrain, with notable differences between the existing platforms, as well as its small size – taking into account the complexity and extension of the program – implied a great formal simplification, adopting a solution radically different from the existing one for the implantation of the new building.

我們為該建筑定義了兩個平臺和四個功能區–我們可以識別和描述。

第一個容納了如上所述的功能，我們認為這些功能更具有公共性，或者可以被社區使用。

對于教室，我們創造了三個獨立的空間，目的是讓不同年齡段的學生可以被安排在不同的位置，實現學生分布的更大組織。

在底層，直接連接到室外休閑空間，放置了所有的房間和各自的補充空間，構成了視覺和技術教育的核心。設計了幾個天井，以形成交叉通風和向西的光線進入，使支持課堂的空間和循環走廊也能自然采光。

Two implantation platforms and four functional areas – that we can identify and characterize – were defined for the building. The first accommodates the functions that, as mentioned above, we believe are more public or can be used by the community. For the classrooms, we created three autonomous volumes with the aim of making it possible to place the various age groups in different locations, achieving greater organization in the distribution of students. On the lower floor, directly connected to the outdoor recreational spaces, are placed all rooms and respective complementary spaces that constitute the nucleus of visual and technological education. Several patios were designed to create cross ventilation and the entry of light to the west, allowing the spaces to support classes and the circulation corridor to be also naturally lit.

我們定義為第四個功能區的是由體育教育和運動設施組成，即體育館和運動館。該體量靠著支撐墻，有一個大型景觀屋頂，與花園空間融為一體。

室外空間是該項目的巨大成就之一，因為–盡管項目延期了，但我們還是找到了一個可以調和兩個現有的解決方案的方法。

The one that we define as the fourth functional area is composed of facilities for physical education and sport, namely the gymnasiums and the sports pavilion. The volume is leaning against the support wall and has a large landscaped roof, integrated into the garden space. The outdoor space has one of the great achievements of the project since – despite the extension of the program – we looked for a solution that could reconcile the two existing realities.

從這個意義上說，用于教學活動的三個空間都是架空的，為室外空間提供了寬闊的覆蓋面積，并騰出了大量的室外和娛樂活動區域?？紤]到地形大約有22,000平方米，因此有可能獲得大約16,000平方米的可用空間。

In this sense, the three volumes intended for teaching activity are elevated, providing the outdoor spaces with wide covered areas and freeing up a large area for outdoor and recreational activities. Bearing in mind that the terrain has approximately 22,000 m2, it was possible to obtain approximately 16,000 m2 of usable free space.

平面圖

剖面圖

建筑師：Pitagoras Group

地點：葡萄牙

面積：10460平方米

年份：2019

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